Effect of Computer Technology to the Academic Study of the...

Chapter I I. Introduction: In today’s modern times, computer technology has become a vital part of our life. It helps us to have an easier life. In this competing world, the students should have to learn a lot when it comes to education. Everything cannot be taught by a teacher or in school. To face big challenges in life, students take up extra learning which can be done through computers. These computers can be used for their personal or recreational activities like listening to music, watching movies or videos, chatting, browsing, playing games and etc. We can express our feelings through it. The work of the students became easier in searching information they want to learn. Technology has been part of our life like†¦show more content†¦This would take their concentration away from their daily studies and lectures. Technology mostly has negative impacts on students learning because it only deviates their minds to unnecessary regions and wastes their time that can be used for doing their home works or studying. Children have started to sit in front of their personal computers or laptops when they get back from school and they â€Å"glue† themselves onto it for hours sometimes even missing their meals both chatting and emailing their friends or playing online games. Computer has other issues, too, with pornography and games just a click of a button away. Addiction to these corruptions would directly affect their education. According to Alan France, writing in Understanding youth in late modernity, (McGraw-Hill international, 2007), â€Å"Across new media, we can see a range of fears and anxieties: fears over sexual exploitation – especially over the young gaining access to pornography†¦ dangers of been corrupted†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Computers have passed a long history of development transforming from scientific projects, a hallmark of academic research themselves to working tools and now the main instruments of understanding and cognizing the surrounding world. The computer technology has a deep impact on education. Computer education forms a part of the school and college curricula, as it important for every individual today, to have a basic knowledge of computers. Computers speed up a person’sShow MoreRelatedeffects of having nearby computer shops in Capitol University1417 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Introduction A computer is a crucial component of the academic success of a student. Whether it is a laptop or a desktop, a computer offers a unique platform to gain the most up-to-date information and to analyze the use of that information for school projects. Additionally, computers help students grow accustomed to writing professional material, like resumes when preparing for the workforce. Technology has developed so much that it is almost crucial to have electronic devices  particularlyRead MoreImpacts of Technology Dependency on the Academic Performance of Usls Students1490 Words   |  6 PagesCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Technology is a gift of God. After the gift of life it is perhaps the greatest of Gods gifts. It is the mother of civilizations, of arts and of sciences. - Freeman Dyson Technology plays an important role in every sphere of life. It has certainly changed the way we live in different aspects of life and redefined living. Several sectors like medicine, warfare, transportation and navigation, business, economy, and even in education particularly in science and mathematicsRead Moreeffect of lack of computer1319 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Chapter I The Study and Its Background Introduction Several complaints regarding the lack of sufficient school facilities have been a great concern nowadays at Polytechnic University of the Philippines in Santa Rosa Campus. With regards to this, certain components like lack of computers, improper lighting and poor air quality affects the overall academic performance of the students. The purpose of this study is to discuss the effects of lack of computers in the laboratory of the said schoolRead MoreSample Thesis1268 Words   |  6 Pages EFFECTS OF LIMITED NUMBER OF COMPUTERS REGARDS TO SATISFYING THE TOTAL NUMBER OF IT STUDENTS OF POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, SANTA ROSA A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulï ¬ llment for the Course Requirement in English II Submitted to: Prof. Rachelle Carongoy SubmittedRead MoreThe Effect Of The Proper Integration Of Educational Technology On The Study Skills Of Primary And Secondary Students Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesArturo Miguel S. Cruz (12B) Mrs. Rosanna M. Borja English 12 Semi-Honors Program September 30, 2016 The Effect of the Proper Integration of Educational Technology on the Study Skills of Primary and Secondary Students Technology is highly prevalent and accessible now more than ever, so much so that the present is called the Age of Information by many. However, a significant portion of schools around the world still rely on the old-style lecture method, detract of the utilization of many modern technologicalRead MoreA CASE STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY ON FIRST- GENERATION COLLEGE STUDENTS‚Äà ´ EDUCATIONAL ASPIRATIONS POST HIGH SCHOOL1560 Words   |  7 Pagesof Social Networking Sites Usage on Student’s Academic Performance in Pakistan Abstract Purpose – This research paper examines the impact of the usage of social networking sites (SNS) on the academic performance of the students in universities. The impact has been studied in relation to three variables acting as moderators to the usage of social networking sites which in turn helps to enquire the variation of academic performance of the students regarding that usage. The Independent variableRead MoreStudy Habits1010 Words   |  5 Pagesattitude the students need if they were to engage into playing computer online games. Developing this attitude is not a personal choice alone, it required the participation of the society. As time continues to run, our world keeps getting more advance and modernize and until now, it doesn’t stop. One of the finished products of modernization is the machine called computer. Since it was invented and being developed, it gives us benefits and brings significance to our lives. Moreover, an effect of itsRead MoreTechnology Assists Students With Disabilities1601 Words   |  7 PagesAssistive Technology Assists Students with Disabilities Michael O’ Leary is like any other student at Charlotte Wood Middle School in Danville, California. He has fun participating in classroom art projects, enjoys researching for and writing essays, and earns good grades. The only thing that sets Michael apart from other classmates is his severe physical disability: Michael has cerebral palsy, a disorder which impairs both bodily and cognitive abilities. However, because of the emerging technologyRead MoreThe Teen Sleep Loss Epidemic : What Can Be Done? Essay806 Words   |  4 Pagesof sleep. The loss of sleep can negatively af-fect a teenager’s academic performance, driving capabilities, cognitive abilities and more. Bryant and Gomez provide recommendations for combating the sleep deficiency with teens, which includes their caffeine intake, establishing specific bedtimes, and the use of technology. The authors reference several other articles done specifically on the use of electronic devices and their effects on a per son’s ability to sleep. Johnson, G. M. (2010). InternetRead MoreThe Impact Of Ict On Pupils Achievement And Attitudes1258 Words   |  6 PagesAchievement and Attitudes in Social Studies. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of teaching social studies with the help of CT on pupils’ achievement in social studies. A history, geography and culture oriented theme was selected from the social studies curriculum for the research, Turks on the Silk Road. Method: A multimedia CD, documentaries, PowerPoint and so on were used to teach social studies to 6th graders. The research design of the study is quasi experimental. Three

What is Personality Profiling - 929 Words

Personality ProfilingPersonality profiling is a technique that can be used to better understand a person and what their reactions will be . In particular employers may use personality profiling to match a certain skill set that someone has in order to make sure service is provided on a superior level . There are two types of personality profiling test that are widely used . The Big Five Theory of Personality and the Myers -Briggs MBTI . Personality is important and says a lot about character. It tells people who you are with you not saying a word. For example,when you take the different personality test people try to determine the type of person you are by reading the results the test revealed. Personality can take you a long way in life and it speaks to how people perceive you. That goes hand and hand with the first impression is the one that sticks with someone you meet in life. If you first present to people that you have an attitude that is how they see you and will determine you r character by their first interaction with you. No matter what you were going though at the time of the impression it will remain valid. When personality is determined by the public it can be taken in the wrong manner. It can cause your image to be damaged by the way people have perceive you . According to Steffans personality blog, The Big Five Theory relies on five major factors . These factors are Extraversion, Neuroticism, Agreeableness , Openness and Conscientiousness. This theoryShow MoreRelatedCriminal Profiling: Does it Really Work? Essay1468 Words   |  6 PagesCriminal profiling has become a very popular and controversial topic. Profiling is used in many different ways to identify a suspect or offender in a criminal investigation. â€Å"Criminal profiling is the process of using behavioral and scientific evidence left at a crime scene to make inferences about the offender, including inferences about personality characteristics and psychopathology† (Torres, Bocc accini, Miller, 2006, p. 51). â€Å"The science of profiling rests on two foundation blocks, basic forensicRead MoreThe Importance of Criminal Justice1617 Words   |  7 PagesUse of Criminal Profiling Criminal Profiling is a method of identifying the perpetrator of a crime based on an analysis of the nature of the offense and the manner in which it was committed. It most notably can be traced back to work done in the later part of the last century, and possibly even earlier in a variety of forms. There has been a definite growth since this early work, with many individuals doing a great deal of both research and practical work in criminal profiling. The investigativeRead MoreWhat is the importance of Criminal Profiling?1311 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿What is the importance of Criminal Profiling? By Tiffany Collier Criminal Profiling is a great way to try to understand the suspect as a person. It is necessary to learn who the individual is in order to track and locate them. The person’s information is vital to an investigation. Things such as habits, history of violence, family, education, schedules/routines, and personality traits just to name a few. This new development of investigating is helpful in obtaining fugitives quickerRead MorePolice Profiling And Its Effectiveness1317 Words   |  6 Pagescase about profiling (Whren Brown) and its effectiveness to reduce crime or not to reduce crime. b. Secondary Sentence i. Brief background into profiling and how it connects to the previously mentioned case, leading into the thesis. c. Thesis Statement i. Profiling is something that every person has or will do at some point in their life; some may even profile without even realizing it. There are various forms of profiling which will be discussed, along with the history behind profiling and howRead MoreCriminal Profiling the Popular Tv Shows 21594 Words   |  7 PagesCriminal Profiling Christina Gooden English 122 Mrs. Bowman May 10, 2010 Criminal Profiling has been made a desired profession by the popular TV shows such as Law and Order and Criminal Minds, but in reality, criminal profiling has been a source for Law Enforcement since the early 1100s. The first documented use of criminal profiling was the demonization of Jews, better known as â€Å"Blood Libel†. These accusations are still used against Jews today, unfortunately. Criminal Profiling was also usedRead MoreOffender Profiling : A Technique For Identifying The Personality And Behavioral Features Of An Offender Essay838 Words   |  4 PagesOFFENDER PROFILING According to the article, offender profiling is a technique for identifying the personality and behavioral features of an offender based on an analysis of he/she committed. There are two types of offender profiling: inductive and deductive profiling. Inductive profiling technique uses an offender profiling from what is known about other offenders (criminals). Deductive profiling deals with the criminal’s evidence relating to him/her. The aim of the research was to examine the utilityRead MoreCriminal Profiling : A Psychological And Behavioral Characteristics1262 Words   |  6 Pages Criminal Profiling What is criminal profiling? Criminal profiling is the analysis of a person’s psychological and behavioral characteristics, so as to assess whether they are likely to have committed a crime under investigation. The job of a criminal profiler is to create depiction of the perpetrators. This job relies heavily on criminal psychology because psychologists must identify the thought process and/or patterns in reoccurring crimes. One of the most famous criminal profiling studies wasRead MoreCriminal Profiling And The Criminal Justice System1117 Words   |  5 PagesMany Criminologist and Psychologists believe that there are specific psychological traits that can disconnect a person from the rest of society. Criminal profiling is the approach that an individual who commits a crime, may leave some sort of psychological evidence that can be crucial to an investigation. This theory is a vital part of the criminal justice system today. Criminology targets why individuals commit crimes and why they behave in certain situations. By understanding why a person commitsRead MoreCriminal Profiling, Criminal, And Forensic Psychology1226 Words   |  5 PagesCriminal profiling is another subject of criminal and forensic psychology, which is probably one of the oldest studies of forensic science. Criminal profiling has been called many things, such as behavioral profiling, crime scene profiling, criminal personality profiling, psychological profiling, and more recently even criminal investigation analysis. Criminal profiling’s history has come from a history of criminal behavior, the study of mental illnesses, and forensic examinations. Criminal profilingRead MoreInside the Mind of a Serial Killer Essays1049 Words   |  5 PagesInside Thy Mind: A Psychological Study of the Minds of Men and Women Serial Killers Barbie Sharp Psy 250 A02 Dr. Toby Arquette Argosy University Abstract What are underling factors that contribute to the psychological profile of men and women serial killers? This paper examines scientific and meta-analysis studies of men and women serial killers in an attempt to identify some of these factors. By investigating psychological

Shila Gonsalves Essay Example For Students

Shila Gonsalves Essay ShilaGonsalves Eng102 Professor Streeter Essay #3 Colon Cancer Cancer is a malignant disease that iswidespread nowadays.It can potentiallyup shoot anywhere in the body withnouniquewarningsigns.A sufferermight come to know at a very later stage that they have gotcancer.There may well bea chance that he or she is warned way before the diseasereaches the stage where it cannot be treated.All thisis a matter of luck rather than anything else.Cancercanoccur inmany forms for example liver cancer,breastcancer,thyroid cancer,cervical cancer,colon canceretc.In shorta cancerous tissue can form anywhere in the body. We will focus on colon cancer in thisessay.Colon cancer or colorectalcanceris a cancer, whichoccurs in rectum.Thecolon isknown asthe large intestine or large bowel andthe rectumconnects the colon to the anus. If colon cancer is diagnosed at an earlystage it can be cured through chemotherapy or surgical treatment however thatis only possible if it spreads in to the nearby lymph nodes.The American Cancer society stated that colon cancer is one of the main reasons of deaths in America. Unlike breast cancer or cervicalcancer, whichaffects women only, colon cancer can affect men and women alike,irrespective of class, race or ethnicity. Despite thisit has been seen that itis more common in men than in women. We will write a custom essay on Shila Gonsalves specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Colon cancer symptoms are simply the apparent changes that one can notice.Many colon cancerpatientsdo notnotice any visible change however there are few things that indicate if a person is affected by this disease.For example, according toCappell(2008),a person might feel abdominal pain and tenderness in the lower abdomen. Diarrheaor constipation may also beone of the symptoms butmany patients tend to ignore such symptomsas these may be caused by food poisoning ornot eating enough fibrousfood. However if the blood comes in the stool or there is a constant weight loss orintestinal obstruction then these symptoms are often taken relativelyseriously by thepeople. In almost all casesas stated inLieberman(2009),with proper screening,doctors can detect colon cancer before symptoms develop. The doctor will simply perform a physical test,heor shewill press the belly or abdomen and ifthey feela mass thentheywill confirmdoubts through fecal occult blood test (FOBT),this test can detect small amounts of blood in the stool but the loop hole here is that it can alsocome negative for patients who do have colon cancer thusfor this reason it must be done along with colonoscopy orsigmoidoscopy(theseare the imaging tests that show the entire colon). If these tests show that a person has colorectal cancer then the doctors further confirmitthrough a CT or MRI scan of the abdomen and pelvic area. Sometimes the doctor might also get a CT scan of brain and chest to seehow far the cancer has spread andatuntilwhich stagethe cancer has matured.Colon cancerisdivided into 5 stages;stage 0 is the early stage where it only affects the innermostlayer of the intestineand the first stage affects the inner layer. By the end of stage three,the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes and fifth stage is where ithas affected the other organs (the chance of survival at this stage is very less). The kind of treatment given to the patient depends upon the stage of cancer the person is going through. Gen erally there are three kinds of treatments;surgery,radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Surgery means removing thecancerous cell through an operation. It is more often known as colectomy. Surgery includes localexcisionwhere the doctorremoves the cancerwithout cutting through the abdominal wall but in case the cancer is large,the doctorwill perform an anastomosis(sewing the healthy parts of the colon together).The doctor will alsousually remove lymph nodes near the colon and examine them under a microscope to see whether they contain cancer. The lastkind of surgery istheradiofrequency ablation. Here the doctor uses the electrode to kill the cancerous cells. Second type of treatment ischemotherapy whichis widely practiced. Chemotherapycan be very painful as it is injectedinto the blood and burns the cancer cells. It can either be injected into the vein or taken as adrug.Chemomobilisationof the hepatic artery may be done if the cancer has reached the liver but that happensonly insevere cases. Thirdly in radiation therapy, doctors use X-rays or other type of radiations to kill cancer cells orprevent thesefrom growing.There are two types of radiation therapy;external and internal.Theradiation machineis used to send radiation outside of the body towards the cancer andinternal radiation uses a radioactive substance sealedoffinneedles,thatare placed into the cancer There is no definite prognosis for this canceras a patient after all the treatments may develop certain complications like blockage of the colon,development of a second primarycolorectal cancer or the cancer cells may return in the colon. A treatment that might besuccessful for one may not be as successful for the other but generally colon cancer in many people is a curable disease if diagnosed earlyas cited inSteinberget al. (1986). It greatly depends on factors like the stage the cancer was diagnosed. If treated early,vast majority ofpatients survive atleast five years after diagnosis but thisfive yearsurv ival rate drops if the cancer has spread to other organs. If the cancerous cells donotreturn in five years time,itoftenmeansthe patient has been cured. Thefirst three stages are considered curable but if it is diagnosed in the fourth stage,the chances of survival are limp. At the end of the day,fighting with any disease is all about the amount of strength,hope andwill-powerthe patient has.With the constant support of family and friends, a patientmay live a longer, betterlife. .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1 , .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1 .postImageUrl , .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1 , .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1:hover , .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1:visited , .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1:active { border:0!important; } .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1:active , .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1 .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue705a14ef02b501e382858c0f42672d1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Fellowship Of The Ring Analysis Essay Citations Hanisch, L. J., Cass, D. F., Clarke, R. (2014) NCCN Guidelines for Patients.https://www.nccn.org/patients/guidelines/colon/files/assets/common/downloads/files/colon.pdf Cappell, M. S, (2008), Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, and Management of Colon Cancer. http://www.gastro.theclinics.com/article/S0889-8553 (07) 00126-4/full text Cuzick, J., Otto, F. (2009, May). Aspirin and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs for cancer prevention. Steinberg, S. M.,Barkin, J. S., Kaplan, R. S.(1986).Prognostic indicators of colon tumors.The Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group experience.Cancer57(9), 1866-1870. Colorectal Cancer Association of Canada CCAC, (2007). http://www.colorectal-cancer.ca/en/news-and-resources/american-guide/

The Ming Dynasty Essay Example For Students

The Ming Dynasty Essay The Ming Dynasty was founded by Zhu Yuanzhang, a formerBuddist monk who became leader of a band of peasant rebels. Suffering greatly under Mongol rule, Zhu eventually came toreconquer most of China and claim himself the HongwuEmperor. Once again, Chinas gorvernance was restored to thegreat population. Under the Hongwu emperor, there was a revival of theexamination system ensure that Chinese schoarship was of thehighest caliber, and that merit played role in advancement. We will write a custom essay on The Ming Dynasty specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Members of the scholar-gentry were again appointed to thehighest posts in the Imperial government. Throughout the Ming dynasty, arts and literatureflourished. There was a great revival of traditional HanChinese culture. At this point the Chinese were so proud ofMing culture that there waas a general sense of nationalism wasso profound that, by the early 1430s, it was a factor causingthe cessation of the famous Zhenghe seaborne expeditions, an effort to explore several other partsof the known world. The Ming dynasty was the last native imperial dynasty inChinese history. Sandwiched between two foriegn dynasties, theMing stand one last attempt to hold Chinese government innative hands. Humiliated and oppressed by the foriegn rule of theMongols, the Ming dynasty rises up out of a peasant rebellion topreside over the greatist economic and social revolution inChina before the modern period. The Ming are also the first todeal with Europeans arriving in ever increasing numbers; as apre-modern period, many of the issues and contentions of themodern period will have their precursors in the Ming dynasty. The story of the Ming dynasty, according to Chinesehistorians, begins in 1351 in the province of Huang-ling-kangShantung. A group of laborers digging along the Huang-ho Riveruncover a statue with only one eye and an inscription: Do notdespise this one-eyed statue: it will be the herald of rebellion allthroughout the empire. Soon, news of this discovery spreadsall throughout China. On top of other portents, such as floodsand landslides, the discovery of the statue annouces oneoverwhelming idea: the Mandate of Heaven, the tien ming, had been withdrawn from theMonglol dynasty. Emperors of the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644)Dynastic TitleTitle of ReignYears of ReignTai-tsuHung-wu1368-1398Hui-tiChien-wen1399-1402Cheng-tsuYung-lo1403-1424Jen-tsungHung-hsi1425Hsuan-tsungHsuan-te1426-1435Ying-tsungCheng-tung1436-1449Tai-tsungChing-tai1450-1456Ying-tsungTien-shun1457-1464Hsien-tsungCheng-hua1465-1487Hsiao-tsungHung-chih1488-1505Wu-tsungCheng-te1506-1521Shih-tsungChia-ching1522-1566Mu-tsungLung-ching1 567-1572Shen-tsungWan-li1573-1620Kuang-tsungTai-chang1620Hsi-tsungTien-chi1621-1627Szu-tsungChung-chen1628-1644

Aviation Powerplants Essay Research Paper Aviation PowerplantsAviation free essay sample

Aviation Powerplants Essay, Research Paper Aviation Powerplants Aviation has reshaped modern life and has provided for utmost convenience for going business communities, vacationists, and thrillseekers likewise. It besides plays a cardinal function in military operations of all sorts. Although aircraft design patterned advance plays a predominant function in progressing velocity, legerity, public-service corporation, and amusement ; none of these would be possible without powerplant development, polish and alteration. Aviation powerplants originated with the Wright circular and its little 2 cylinder inline engines of a mere 45 HP. This manner engine dominated air power good into the First World War. They were by and large placed in forcing places ( rear-facing ) and produced a comparatively low figure of revolutions per minute ( 2500 RPM redline ) . There was small demand for new engine development at this clip because aircraft design progressed easy. Rotary engines became popular around 1910 and powered many combatants and bombers in The First World War. These engines are placed in a radial form around the crankshaft. These produced respectable HP Numberss in the class of up to 185+ . They were used in such celebrated aircraft as the Sopwith Camel and Moth. Angstrom fluctuation of the rotary engine was used in the most celebrated aircraft of the war: The Fokker Dr.1 Triplane flown by Baron Von Richtofen. A alone characteristic of these engines is that they had no accelerator, but ran at a changeless velocity. Besides the cylinders were non fixed in topographic point as one might anticipate. They alternatively rotated around a fixed crankshaft. The propellor was attached to the cylinders. The advantage of this constellation was lowered production clip and riddance of a dearly-won and vulnerable chilling system. Rush control was gained by cutting the fuel supply and therefore closing down the engine. The engine would retain adequate impulse to let the pilot to merely turn back on the fuel system and re-start the engine to acquire power. Rotary and little inline engines shortly gave manner to the big Radial engines of World War 2. These were configured in a radial form similar to that of Rotary engines. They, nevertheless do non hold a fixed crankshaft but alternatively straight spin the propellor from a moving crankshaft. Accelerators are included here to decelerate down for combat while still remaining out of a stall. The Radial engines produced huge sums of HP. One illustration of this is the 18 cylinder double bed Pratt A ; Whitney R-2800 ( from the P-47 Thunderbolt, besides the best aircraft of the war ) . Stock, the engine produces 2100+ HP. This engine, when coupled with a Turbo-Supercharger ( for heights above 20,000 pess ) it produces 2500+ HP. The radial engines besides boast survivability far beyond that of inline or V-configurations. One 18 cylinder Radial was found with 17 30mm cannon shells imbedded in the engine block. The radial engine is a great bundle: survivability, lastingness, dependability, power, and acceleration. Inline water-cooled engines were besides available during World War 2. These are similar to the 1s in standard autos, except they are larger ( 12 -24 cylinders ) and develop more HP ( up to 1600 ) . The drawbacks to utilizing inline engines include: exposure due to the necessity of a radiator ; and a caput on 30 millimeter cannon shooting can take out legion cylinders and physically procrastinate the engine. Horizontally opposed engines are still used today in little private aircraft ( Cessna, Bonanza, etc. ) . These, nevertheless, do non utilize the distributers or computing machines used to command the flicker as do the newer autos. They alternatively use magnetos and flicker stoppers because these engineerings have been proven and used for about 100 old ages. Besides, no fuel injection is used but alternatively carburettors are the criterion. They are standard FAA approved equipment and will non probably be replaced shortly. In late 1945, the first fanjet engine was used in an active combat aircraft. The fanjet provides tremendous sums of push ( 35,000 pound. without afterburners, upwards of 60,000 upper limit with afterburners ) . The fanjet works in six phases: 1 ) Air is sucked into the consumption and compressed in phases by turbine blades that spin 3/1000ths of an inch from each other. 4-6 phase compaction. 2 ) Compressed air is injected with high explosive jet fuel and moves into the burning chamber 3 ) Air fuel mix is incinerated and the ensuing superheated gases move into a 2nd set of fan blades. 4 ) Here the hot gasses ( 1800-2500 grades ) drive turbine blades that create energy to augment the first compaction phase # 8217 ; s effectivity. 5 ) The gasses so travel into an optional augmentor ( more normally known as an afterburner ) where natural jet fuel is forced into a 2nd burning chamber and is burned instantly due to high temperatures. 6 ) Gasses flight from an exhaust nose and supply push. The propjet and fanjet engines follow the same rules as the fanjet but with a few fluctuations. The propjet is merely a fanjet with a geared-down prop attached to the chief shaft of the fan blades. The fanjet compresses about 10 % of the incoming air and the remainder bypasses the burning chamber ( s ) and is used to chill the blades, compressors, and generators. A new experiment in propulsion is the atherodyde. The atherodyde is in rule one of the simplest possible flight propulsion units. It is basically a canal unfastened at forepart and rear. At high velocity in flight, air is rammed into the forepart of the canal, whose form instantly reduces the air # 8217 ; s velocity, compacting and heating it. In a burning chamber, fuel is injected into the airstream, which is ignited. Highly high temperatures can be reached and really high fuel efficiencies achieved. The intensely hot fumes gas so exits in a propulsive watercourse through a discharge nose. Unlike gas-turbine jet engines, the atherodyde can be used merely to impel vehicles already in flight. Applications have been confined chiefly to missiles, where a atherodyde takes over after a projectile has propelled the missile to supersonic velocities. The experimental SCRAMJET ( supersonic burning atherodyde ) will propel vehicles at hypersonic velocities ( above Mach 6 ) with gases traveling through the burning chamber at supersonic velocities.

Critique Of The Book Call It Sleep Essays - Call It Sleep

Critique Of The Book Call It Sleep Essays - Call It Sleep Critique of the book "Call It Sleep" written by Henry Roth The book ?Call It Sleep? written by Henry Roth is a literary work that explores immigrant life as they adjust to the new and unfamiliar ways of American life. The book is somewhat of a social commentary on the period of the Eastern European immigration to America at its peak. The novel gives an inside view on how foreigners (primarily Jewish immigrants) fit into main stream society. Throughout the course of the novel, you travel along with the main character David Schearl as he ages from six to eight and grows up in Brownsville on the lower East side of New York. David is torn between the love of his over protective mother and the hatred of his angry and mentally disturbed father in a quest to make sense of his life in contrast with all of the other immigrant children that he comes in contact with. All of the adventures that David encounters and all of the people that he comes in contact with are simply the author?s way of depicting an immigrants inner struggle and deal! ing with the pressures of life as seen through the eyes of a remarkably perceptive and imaginative child. The opening scenes are set in New York harbor in 1907 at a time when the inflow of foreigners is at its peak. A woman and her small child come off of the boat to reunite with her husband that had gone before them to the new world to start a better life than they were used to in their old country. The author has you experience what it is like to come into New York Harbor and see the city skyline and the lights; and also to experience the feeling of hope and promise for a brighter future for the immigrants. However when Albert Schearl shows up late and uncaring to greet a wife and son who don?t recognize him right away, it is hinted to the reader that trouble is in store for the Schearl family. The father Albert Schearl is introduced as a very haughty and proud individual that believes that he should abandon all signs of his former upbringing and conform to the American ways of life. He is a printer by trade however he cannot hold down a job long enough due to his violent and uncontrollable temperament. He thinks that people are constantly watching his every move therefore he cannot give t************************************************************************************* ************************************************************************************** ************************************************************************************** ************************************************************************************** ************************************************************************************** *********************************************************************************** Yiddish and his son is wearing a bonnet that clearly blows their cover in ! their attempts to masquerade as Americans. Later on in the book we learn that Albert?s anger towards his wife and son is brought about by his doubts of David?s paternity due to the fact that his wife had a brief affair with a Gentile in the old country. Thus it can be said that the reason for Albert?s rage and insanity came about by this betrayal. This issue arises again when David receives a rosary from his Polish friend Leo and tells the rabbi a lie about how his mother is really dead and he is half Christian. When the story finds its way back to his father and the rosary is accidentally discovered, Albert is sure of his suspicion about David?s paternity is accurate. Throughout the course of the story Albert is seen almost as the villain that has an iron fist rule over his household thus creating a Freudian mother son bond that cannot be severed. His rage strikes fear into the heart of both his wife and his son thus causing young David to wander the streets of the nei! ghborhood in search of a way to break free from his fathers imprisonment. At the end of the story when David is burned and the thought of actually losing his son become apparent to Albert, this is his moment of catharsis and he exchanges his hatred for his son for that of a concerned parent. Only then is it evident that there is hope for change in Albert and that things will eventually work themselves out. It finally becomes evident to the reader that Albert?s true anger was not directed towards his family but rather

Auteur Director Tim Burton Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Auteur Director Tim Burton - Essay Example rnered for himself â€Å"an international audience of fans and influencing a generation of young artists working in film, video, and graphics.† (â€Å"Tim Burton†, 2010). Among the many successful and critically acclaimed films of his, Edward Scissorhands and Beetlejuice are two of the prominent ones. In line with his unique filmmaking genre, both the films had a mix of fantasy as well as gothic elements, but still had certain distinct aspects, which has enabled us to study the films in comparative way. Thus, by focusing on the films, Edward Scissorhands and Beetlejuice, the common themes, recurring motifs and filming practices in the films will be compared. In Edward Scissorhands (1990), Burton ‘told’ the story of an ‘artificial’ man named Edward, who is an unfinished creation, and so had scissors instead of normal hands. When Edward was taken in by a suburban family from his isolated existence in a dark mansion for many years, he fits in well initially, only to be manipulated and made as an outcast. On the other hand, in Beetlejuice (1988), Burton ‘revolves’ the plot around a recently dead young couple, who transform into ghosts and continue to haunt their former home. However, with the entry of new ‘normal’ inhabitants, Deetzes family, the couple gets threatened, seeking the services of an abhorrent and scheming exorcist named Beetlejuice, leading to repercussions. The common themes that are visible in the films, Edward Scissorhands and Beetlejuice are appearance and the related issues with acceptance. The theme of acceptance is shown through how the characters accept or find it difficult to accept other characters, who may be â€Å"different† from the majority. That is, when an individual is different from the majority of the people, in the physical sense, he/she would not be welcomed nor accepted. Although, few characters would accept, certain other characters may not accept, causing problems to many of the characters involved. In Edward

The globalization essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The globalization - Essay Example Also the period of recession, economical development/ advancement have has a major impact on the families of the two country. Owing to the globalization, the families in the two countries have started to come a lot closer with Indians adopting the pub culture from West and Americans shifting to meditation and Yoga, generally considered a heritage of India. Still, there is some difference in the two families owing to the long held cultural values by the residents as well as because of the economical strata of the two countries. Although the concept of consanguinity originally referred to relations by "blood," some anthropologists have argued that one must understand the notion of "blood" metaphorically, and that many societies understand 'family' through other concepts rather than through genetic distance. A group of family constitutes a society. A society is generally responsible for determining the behavior pattern for the families. The cultural ethoses are perpetuated from society to future generations via the head of the family. The primary responsibility of every family is to work for the betterment of society as a whole. From the perspective of children, the family is a family of orientation: the family serves to locate children socially, and plays a major role in their enculturation and socialization. Although the above mentioned pattern is common to most of the societies, irrespective of the fact whether they are based in developed country or the developing country, but there are certain difference in terms of the cultural ethos and the behavioral pattern observed. We in our study will take example of family from a developed nation - USA and a developing nation India to mark the similarity and the difference. Developed Country- USA American Family: Belonging to a family is one bond almost everyone in the world shares, but as we have discussed family patterns vary from country to country, region to region and may even vary between various castes and creeds. The United States has many different types of families, but the traditional structure of a typical American family, a nuclear family, is still persistent for a very long time now. Yet, over a span of few years, American society has witnessed an evolution in family structure and daily life in many respects, because of various different factors, emerging from a huge development in the field of science and technology. But as said by wise people, there are no free lunches, this advancement in science and technology has lead to a greater commitment in the professional life thereby giving a jolt to work life balance and

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Case Study - Essay Example settings in which there are various forms of actors and factors interacting with each other and eventually contributing to the organizational framework, Bolman’s and Deal’s leadership frames attempt to provide different scopes under which managers perceive issues/problems raised and behave towards implementing solutions (Mabey and Finch-Lees, 2008; Newstrom and Davis, 1997; Sasnett and Ross, 2007). The four frames of organizational leadership are: the structural frame, the human resources frame, the political frame and the symbolic frame. The structural frame underlines the essence and importance of rules, regulations, structures, organizational design and policies; the human resources frame emphasizes the aspect of ‘people’ within the organization by placing significant weight on the fit between organizational structures and employees; the political frame focuses predominantly on the concentration of power and competition between organizational members; and the symbolic frame emphasizes the cultural orientation of organizations as means of inspiring and motivating organizational members (Bolman and Deal, 1991; Bolman and Deal, 2003; Crist, 1999; Sasnett and Ross, 2007). Drawing upon the four frames proposed, this project deals with an analysis and theoretical application of the theory over the case of Nasa’s Challenger and Columbia shuttles disasters in 1986 and 2003 respectively. The aftermath of the Challenger and Columbia disasters revealed that the physical causes of the two incidents were less important than the internal – organizational ones that hindered greater problems in the overall communication and interaction between critical organizational departments. In both cases the lack of an integrated approach towards quality and safety procurement as well as the insufficient and ineffective communication amongst management and organizational members proved to be great contributors to the overall disaster. Palestini (2004) states that the

Theories of the Totemism Belief System

Theories of the Totemism Belief System Anthropology is crucial for understanding the contemporary world. Anthropology offers both things to think about and things to think with. Anthropologists would be interested in Totemism because they study people throughout the world, investigating their history, behaviour, how they adapt to different environments, communicate and socialise with each other, along with examining the biological characteristics that make us human, our physiology, genetic make-up, nutritional history and evolution along with social features like language, culture, politics, family and religion. Totemism is a belief system where humans are believed to have kinship or a mystical relationship with a spirit-being such as an animal or plant. The totem is thought to interact with a given kin group or individual and serve as their emblem or symbol. Totemism has been described as a cluster of traits in religious and in the social organisation of populates (Encyclopaedia Britannica Online, 2013). Totemism originates in populations whose traditional economies relied on hunting, gathering and mixed farming with the emphasis on rearing cattle. Totemism is a multifaceted set of ideas and ways of behaviour built on a worldview drawn from nature. There are ideological, mystical, emotional, reverential, genealogical relationships of social groups or specific persons with animal or natural objects, the totem. There is a difference between group and individual Totemism although they share a few basic characteristics; they happen with different emphasis and in specific forms. Generally societ ies have special names and emblems to relate to the totem, and those it sponsors engage in partial identification with the totem or symbolic integration to it. Usually, there is a taboo against people killing, eating, or touching the totem. Individual Totemism is articulated in an intimate relationship of friendship, respect and protection between a person and a particular species of animal; the natural object can grant special power to its owner. However, this relationship, in the case of the individual totem, begins and ends with the individual man, and is not, like the clan totem, transmitted by inheritance. An individual totem in America is: Usually the first animal of which a youth dreams during the long and generally solitary fasts which American Indians observe at puberty. He kills the animal or bird of which he dreams, and henceforward wears its skin or feathers, or sonic part of them, as an amulet, especially on the war-path and in hunting (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2013) Individual totems among the Slave, Hare and Dogrib Indians will always be a carnivorous animal, and must not be skinned, eaten or killed. A man will always carry a photograph of his totem; if they are unsuccessful in a chase he will smoke to it and make a speech. Group Totemism is the most widespread belief system. The totem is often an animal or plant that is respected by all members of the social group, because of a mystical or ritual relationship between the group, the spirit which embodies the totem represents the bond of unity within the tribe or clan. The group believe they are descended from a totem ancestor or that they and the totem are brothers. The totem can be viewed a group symbol and the protector of all members of the group. The animal or plant totem is the object of a taboo, just as the individual totem it is forbidden to kill or eat the sacred animal. It is possible for the totem symbol to be tattooed on the body, engraved on weapons or carved on totem poles. Males and females in some cultures have their own totem; however, typically Totemism is connected with clans or blood relatives. Marriage between members of the same totemic clan is totally forbidden. Group Totemism is usually associated with people in Africa, India, Oce ania, North America and some parts of South America. The first theory on Totemism was conducted by McLennan (1869) who searched for the origins of totemism, he belied that: The ancient nations came, in prehistoric times, through the totem stage, having animals and plants, and the heavenly bodies conceived as animals, for gods before the anthropomorphic gods appeared (LÃ ©vi-Strauss, 1969, p. 18) Many scholars believed this theory and set out with the assumption that some type of UR-totemism has existed, and that its faint contours could be discerned behind the left-over totemic systems fragments of present day (ibid, 18). McLennans theory was criticised by Taylor (1899) who discarded the confusion of Totemism with simple worship of animals and plants, and viewed Totemism as a relationship between one type of animal and a clan but he did argue with the idea that totems were the basis of religion. Franz Boas (1916) research was based on North West American Indians and he found a society employing a visual form of Totemism in the form of totem poles. The totem pole was made up of mystical characters from the tribes ancestral past. Item were chosen from nature and used for cultural purposes. Totem poles functioned as an emblem of a clan or family, showing its unity and the rights which each clan were entitled to, and as a reminder of each clans link to a spirit ancestor. Totems were also a form of communication as tribes had no written language, so the totem poles were used to tell their stories, legends and events. Totems could not only be for clans they could also be individual however, only the most affluent tribe members could afford to have their own totem carved. Boas (1916) argued against a psychological or historical origin of totemism because its characters could be linked with individuals, and are in every social organisation, appearing in various cultural contexts and would not be possible to fit all totemtistic phenomena into one classification. The first complete work on totemism was conducted by Sir James Frazer (1919) who developed several theories in regard to the origin of totemism. The first theory suggested that men have totems because they expect benefits from them: The connection between a man and his totem is mutually beneficent; the totem protects the man, and the man shows his respect for the totem in various ways, by not killing it if it be an animal, and not cutting or gathering it if it be a plant (Frazer, 1887, p. 3) His second theory was that totemism was a system of magic intended to provide a supply of food for someone else (Hopkins, 1918, p. 153), this was disregarded in place his final theory which was more radical than the others and based on the fact that: Some savages believe their offspring comes not from intercourse between man and woman, but from the spirits of animals or quasi-animals seen by the woman or from the food she eats. They think that the spirits which thus become their children are really the animals they have seen or whose flesh they have eaten before conceiving (ibid, p. 153) This is what Frazer called the conceptional theory. Totemism at this point had come under attack from American anthropologist Goldenweiser (1910) who began by listing five key characteristics believed to be symptomatic of totemism, an exogamous clan ( people marry outside of their own social group), the name of the clan derived from the totem, a religious attitude toward the totem; as a friend or brother or protector, taboos or restrictions against the killing and eating of the totem, a belief in the decent from the totem (ibid, p. 182-83). Goldenweiser (1910) concluded that: Each of these traits..displays more or less a striking independence in its distribution; and most of them can be shown to be widely-spread ethnic phenomena, diverse in origin not necessarily coordinated in development, and displaying a rich variability of psychological make-up (ibid, p.266) Although not willing to give up the idea totally he proposed an alternative definition of totemism in terms of the association between definite social units and objects and symbols of emotional value (ibid, p. 275). Lowie (2009) was more radical arguing that totemism did not exist and for all intense and purpose was an invention of anthropologists. Durkheim in his book The Elementary Forms of Religious Life (1915) presented the most influential interpretation of religion from a functionalist perspective stating society was the soul of religion and was the foundation of all religious beliefs. Durkheim (1961) said all societies divide the world into two categories: the sacred and the profane. Religion is centred on this division; it is a unified system of beliefs and practices related to sacred things, things which are set apart and forbidden (Haralambos, 2001, p. 432). Thus to comprehend the role of religion in society, the connection concerning sacred symbols and what they signify must be determined. Durkheim used the religion of Australian aborigines in order to explain his theory. Durkheim referred to their religion as totemism stating it was the most basic and simplest form of religion. Aboriginal civilisations were divided into numerous clans each having duties and obligations towards their members, one of which is exogamy, where members are not allowed to marry within their clan. Each clan has a totem usually that of an animal or plant which is the emblem of the clan, a sign where each clan can distinguish itself from the others. The totem is the most sacred object in aborigine ritual. The totem is the outward and visible form of the totemic principle of god (ibid, p. 432). Durkheim argued if the totem is the symbol of god and society, therefore society and god are one. So people who are worshipping god are in fact worshipping society therefore, society is the real object of religious worship. Sacred things are considered superior in dignity and power to the profane and part icularly to man, thus, in relation to sacred things individuals are inferior and dependent (p.432). Durkheim said primitive man came to view society as something sacred because he is totally dependent on it. Furthermore, Durkheim argued the reason why society invents a sacred symbol like a totem is because it is easier for a person to visualise and direct his feelings of awe toward a symbol than towards so complex a thing as a clan (ibid, p.433). Durkheim believed in the collective conscience a set of shared values and moral beliefs, religion reinforces the collective conscience. The worship of society strengthens the values and moral beliefs that form the basis of social life. However, Goldenweiser (1910) said: The appearance of Durkheims brilliant but unconvincing treatise on religion brings home the fact that one of the phases of socio-religious thought, namely the problem of totemism, remains as replete with vagueness and misunderstanding as ever (ibid, p.288) Boas (1916) aiming at Durkheim as much as Frazer, denied that cultural phenomena could be bought together into a unity (LÃ ©vi-Strauss, 1969, p. 79). British anthropologists were less ready to give up on the concept of totemism. Malinowski (1925) gives an uncomplicated analysis of totemism relating to the function it has in a given society. Totemism plays a significant role in the ordering and control of nature by man (ibid, p. 22-23). The kind of mans attention in the totemic species shows also the kind of belief and cult to be there expected. Since it is the desire to control the species, dangerous, useful or edible, this desire must lead to a belief in special power over the species, affinity with it, a common essence between man and beast or plant (Malinowski, 1954, p. 45). Totemism as a style of social organisation maintains the status quo in society while as the same time serving as mans interests in a much deeper way: From the survival point of view, it is vital that mans interest in the practically indispensable species should never abate, that his belief in his capacity to control them should give him strength and endurance in his pursuits and stimulate his observations and knowledge of the habits and natures of animals and plants (ibid, p. 46) A criticism of Malinowski is he is guilty of operating entirely within the world of nature and his theory leaves us to explain why totemism, if it responds to human needs is not universal (Leach, 1969, p. 130). Evans-Pritchard (1951) said, Malinowskis theoretical conclusions are no more than descriptions in more abstract language (p.95). Radcliffe- Brown (1929) explored totemism from a structural functionalist perspective; he did not attempt to understand totemism in terms of beliefs, but as a collection of practices that serve to uphold the solidarity and equilibrium of the social group. Radcliffe- Brown described totemism as that circumstance whereupon: Society is divided into groups and there is a special relation between each group and one or more classes of objects that are usually natural species of animals and plants but may occasionally be artificial objects or parts of an animal (Radcliffe-Brown 1965, p. 117). Radcliffe-Brown (1965) said totemic objects are objects which have been accorded ritual value (ibid, p. 123) and he argues that: Any object or event which has important effects upon the well-being (material or spiritual) of a society, or anything which stands for or represents any such object or event, tends to become an object of the ritual attitude (Radcliffe-Brown 1965, p. 129). Here, Radcliffe-Brown comes really near to the utilitarian theories offered by Frazer and Malinowski however; this hypothesis does little to the general understanding of why particular plants and animal species have such a high ritual significance. In a further essay Radcliffe-Brown (1956) highlighted the significance of the conclusions about the relations between humans and animals. Moreover, after listening and examining stories told about animals by Australian aborigines, Radcliffe-Brown concluded they had one theme, and added the resemblances and differences of animal species are translated into terms of friendship and conflict, solidarity and opposition Radcliffe-Brown, 1958, p. 116). Overall concluding, the world of animal life is represented in terms of social relations similar to those of human society (Radcliffe-Brown, 1958, p.116). Radcliffe-Brown proposed the central terms in his version of totemism are opposition and integration adding Totemism stopped being a type of rel igion but was instead a mode of thought where nature had become an object of contemplation for the expression of socio-cultural differences (Tremlett, 2008, p.47). Radcliffe-browns previous idea that objects become totems because they are of ritual interest to society can be turned around: why are they not of ritual interest because they have been designated as totems? (ibid, p.130). Questions have been asked about the integrity of his studies because some anthropologists have accused him of appropriating other peoples research and passing it off as his own. The Australian anthropologist Elkin (1933) said there are many forms of totemism in Australia specifically: Individual, sex, moiety, section, subsection, matrilineal and patrilineal social clans, localised cult clan and dream-totemism. Elkin denied the unity of totemism but sought to preserve its reality on the condition that he might trace it back to a multiplicity of types he stated there is no longer one totemism but many totemisms, each in itself a single irreducible whole (p.113). Elkin (1933) denied the unity in totemism as if he thought it possible to preserve the reality of totemism on condition that it be reduced to a multiplicity of heterogeneous forms (Levi-Strauss, 1969, p. 35). For Elkin (1933) there is no longer one totemism but many totemisms, each in itself a single complex whole. LÃ ©vi-Strauss (1962a) says Elkin instead of helping to slay the hydra (of totemism) has dismembered it and made peace with the bits (ibid, p.66). Evans Pritchard in his book on Nuer religion (1956) regarded totemism as a symbolic formulation of intellectually constructed relationships, (Strauss, 1962. p. 27). He wanted to comprehend totemism in terms of extensive Nuer Beliefs about Kwoth which stands for God or Spirit; there were two manifestations of spirit, higher and lower, with the totemic spirit being the spirit of the below. Evans Pritchard noted that Nuer totems were not symbols of linages, because some linages had none and other linages shared the same totem but did not otherwise acknowledge kinship with each-other. Nor did the totems signify Spirit as such, but rather the connection between God and a specific linage. So, such a study fixed totemism within the religious beliefs and practices of a particular society. Levi-Strauss was very critical of the reality of totemism for him the totemic illusion is the product of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century effort by scientists to relegate the primitive outside the realm of culture (Leach, 1962, p. 127) because they wanted to protect the Victorian world-view by maintaining the Christian distinction between man and nature, thus, by failing to recognise the similarities between Western and primitive codes, scholars created false taxonomies and blurred the universal logic behind all so-called totemic phenomena (ibid, p. 127). Levi-Strauss was inspired by Radcliffe-Brown, whose analyses he attempted to expand upon. LÃ ©vi-Strauss was the leading academic in contemporary structuralism believing human minds have certain universal characteristics which originate in the common feature of the homo-sapiens brain (Haralambos, 2001, p. 910). These common mental structures lead people everywhere to think similarly regardless of their society or cul tural background. LÃ ©vi-Strauss developed a system to show the abstract divisions that he saw in totemism as a phenomenon in human nature. His system was implemented in a table of oppositions or mutual relationships. The basic relationship was between the binary opposites such as nature and culture. On one side there were in nature certain realities such as species of animal, or plants and specific animals and plants. On the other side, there was in culture various groups and individuals who identify themselves with particular species or with specific animal and plants. LÃ ©vi-Strauss (1962a) noticed four types of relationship between nature and culture within totemism: A species of animal or plant identified with a certain group; a species identified with an individual and finally a particular animal or plant identified with a group of animal or plant identified with an individual, a particular animal or plant (p.18). LÃ ©vi-Strauss (1969) stated each of these four groupings correspond to the phenomena that are to be seen in one people to another (ibid. 84). For the first grouping he suggested the Australians, for whom natural entities are linked with cultural groups (p.84); the second grouping was the individual totemism of North American Indians where an individual is linked with a species of nature (p.84). The third grouping the Mota people from the Bank Irelands of Melanesia named: a child is thought to be the incarnation of a specific animal, plant or creature which was found and eaten by the mother when she first found out she was pregnant(p.84). The final groupings were from Polynesia or Africa where fixed individual animals formed the groups support and worshbluefrost13ip (p.84). In conclusion LÃ ©vi-Strauss stated the difference between the classes of man and animal serves as the conceptual basis for social differences. Thus, for LÃ ©vi-Strauss totemism is an illusion and a logic that classifies- a post hoc explanation in which the structure of social relations is projected onto the natural phenomena, not taken from it. In conclusion, totemism is a belief system where the traits in the social organisation of people are believed to have kinship or a mystical relationship with a spirit-being such as an animal or plant which serves as the group or individuals emblem or symbol. As anthropology tries to understand different cultures and provides knowledge about cultural variation in the world through details studies anthropologist would find totemism an interesting topic which has been proved by the number of studies which have been discussed. The first study on totemism was undertaken my McLennan in (1889) who explored the origin of totemism. Boas (1916) studied American Indians and their totem poles, concluding the totem poles functioned as the emblem of the clan showing unity and the rights each clan was entitled to. Frazer (1919) gave the first comprehensive work on totemism; he came up with three theories the final of which saw the origin of totemism as an interpretation of the conception and birth of children a belief he called conceptionalism. Durkheim (1915) hoped to discover a pure religion in a very ancient form and claimed to see the origin of religion in totemism. In 1925 Malinowski explored totemism as a function in a given society. Radcliffe-Brown (1929) researched from a structural functionalist perspective explored how totemism upheld the solidarity of the social group. Elkin (1933) explored numerous forms of totemism. Evans-Pritchard (1956) explored Nuer religion and the symbolic nature of totemism. The final theory discussed on totemism was by Levi-Strauss (1962a/1969) who explored totemism from a structuralist perspective. He gave the most incisive critique of totemism by denying its reality stating totemism is an illusion. Investigations of totemism has decline in recent times, those which have been undertaken have moved away from its universality toward explorations which consider totem structures in a more precise context.

Human Trafficking Essay

Since biblical times, men, women and children have been trafficked across borders and sold into slavery. The modern slavery trade is called human trafficking. Young Adults should be aware of human trafficking because half of the 27 millions victims are teenagers, 600,000-800,000 people are trafficked across borders worldwide annually, and 10 minutes from here in Westminster there are buildings full of teenage girls trapped in the malicious lifestyle of a human trafficker. And so the counter argument, Erick Erickson; a human events reporter stated â€Å"if we legalized prostitution this would all go away. † Meaning every money problem, all the kidnapping, every single little piece of slavery still today would simply disappear on one action. Some see eye to eye, others oppose robustly, without a clear decision and declaration the world stands oblivious. Sex Trafficking is a major issue in our society. As more researched is being done, it has come apparent that the sexual enslavement occurs most habitually in certain regions. The Eastern Europe, former Soviet Union countries, and The United States stand out as the major source of forced prostitution. â€Å"Eighty percent of the victims are female, and seventy percent of victims are trafficked for sex purposes. †(New York Times) As next generation leaders, we should become alert of this crisis and find a way to put a stop to it so our children can have a safe and healthy lifestyle. â€Å"An ounce of cocaine wholesale: $1,200. But you can only sell it once. A woman or child: $50 to $1,000. But you can sell them each day, every day, over and over again. The markup is immeasurable. † (2005 Lifetime film â€Å"Human Trafficking†). The absolute ignorance of these so called â€Å"geniuses† is causing pain to more than 27 million lives. This 8 billion dollar industry not only affects the innocent lives being enslaved but also communities around the world. About every 45 minutes away, you can find houses full of young teens imprisoned to perform sexual acts and labor for the buyer. 00,000 is more common than an average person can believe, think twice before you step outside your door. August 7th, 2009: Police arrest 23-year-old Westminster man who is connected to dealers in the business of prostitution and human trafficking. Eleven Vietnamese women are suspected of prostitution were arrested at the business location. The case was most commonly around Orange County, particularly in the Asian American communities around Little Saigon. Little Saigon is down he street from Garden Grove High School, knowing we are around the corner from danger , we should come together and discuss the brutality we will shun from here on out in our society for the better of mankind. My position on this subject matter is out of all the 27 million lives that were unlucky enough to escape this evil, we the free citizens should come to know this as a history and prevent it from growing any larger in our community. Take action, be loud, speak up, never underestimate our power, and become an inspiration for those in need.

A Martian Sends a Postcard Home

â€Å"A Martian Sends A Postcard Home† The main theme for this poem, â€Å"A Martian Sends A Postcard Home† is showing that how different people have different perspectives and different way of perceiving things. This poem shows how a Martian would describe some of our everyday thing a lot differently than we would. The Martian has a unique way of describing everyday objects, emotions, and time. The Martian sees mist as an object that has human like properties such as becoming tired. Mist is when the sky is tired of flight and rests its soft machine on ground. † (Page 867) The Martian describes mist in a completely different way from the ordinary way we think it to be. We know that it has no human properties and understand it to be something just caused by nature. The Martian, while on Earth, sees adults while they are suffering. The Martian sees them hiding their pain in a room alone, yet children openly expose their hurt. â€Å"Only the young are allowed to suf fer openly.Adults go to a punishment room with water but nothing to eat. † (Page 864) The Martian gets to see something that most adults try to mask. The Martian is able to make a distinction between the way that children and adults express themselves. The Martian seems to describe in an odd way about how humans keep their time trapped in a box and how we have it tied to our wrists. â€Å"But time is tied to the wrists or kept in a box, ticking with impatience. (Page 864) In this statement, it shows how he finds it hard to understand why we keep track of time in that way and because we keep it in that way, time begins to tick impatiently. In conclusion, the theme of this poem shows how everyday items can be described or viewed in such a different way from another perspective. Such things as objects, feelings, and time can be held in such a different viewpoint from two different people. This poem shows how point of view is used to contrast things viewed from a human vs. outsid er viewpoint.

Water of Crystallization Definition

Water of Crystallization Definition Water of crystallization is  defined as water that is stoichiometrically bound into a crystal. Crystal salts containing water of crystallization are called hydrates. Water of crystallization is also known as water of hydration or crystallization water. How Water of Crystallization Forms Many compounds are purified by crystallization from an aqueous solution. The crystal excludes many contaminants, however, water can fit within the crystalline lattice without being chemically bonded to the cation of the compound. Applying heat can drive off this water, but the process typically damages the crystalline structure. This is fine, if the goal is to obtain a pure compound. It may be undesirable when growing crystals for crystallography or other purposes. Water of Crystallization Examples Commercial root killers often contain copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4 ·5H2O) cyrstals. The five water molecules are called water of crystallization.Proteins typically contain even more water than inorganic salts. A protein may easily contain 50 percent water. Water of Crystallization Nomenclature The two methods to denote water of crystallization in molecular formulas are: hydrated compound ·nH2O - For example,  CaCl2 ·2H2Ohydrated compound(H2O)n - For example,  Ã‚  ZnCl2(H2O)4 Sometimes the two forms are combined. For example, [Cu(H2O)4]SO4 ·H2O may be used to describe the water of crystallization of copper(II) sulfate. Other Solvents in Crystals Water is a small, polar molecule that is readily incorporated into crystal lattices, but its not the only solvent found in crystals. In fact, most solvents remain, to a greater or lesser extent, in the crystal. A common example is benzene. In order to minimize the effect of a solvent, chemists typically try to remove as much as possible using vacuum extraction and may heat a sample to drive off residual solvent. X-ray crystallography can often detect solvent within a crystal. Sources Baur, W.H. (1964) On the crystal chemistry of salt hydrates. III. The determination of the crystal structure of FeSO4(H2O)7 (melanterite) Acta Crystallographica, volume 17, p1167-p1174. doi:10.1107/S0365110X64003000Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.Klewe, B.; Pedersen, B. (1974). The crystal structure of sodium chloride dihydrate. Acta Crystallographica B30: 2363–2371. doi:10.1107/S0567740874007138

buy custom Anticancer Vaccines †a Medical Marvel Yet in Progress essay

buy custom Anticancer Vaccines – a Medical Marvel Yet in Progress essay In the 21st century, the medical world has yet to discover all there is to know about even the simplest condition a human organism can suffer from. However, medical discoveries are made constantly, every year bringing new ideas, theories and procedures to the medical domain. Some of these discoveries have managed to become popular and successful, whereas others are still at the idea status. One of these ideas is the anticancer vaccine, a theory that is bound to change the entire medical domain if successful. However, as many other great ideas, this is also a dream that will only come true with a lot of hard work and expertise. The cancer vaccine refers to a vaccine that is extracted out of modified proteins from the cancerous cells. There are different ways to approach the production of an anticancer vaccine. One of the most successful so far, at least in the laboratory, is the separation and immunization of proteins extracted from the cancerous cells. The principle is to separate the proteins from the cancerous cells and to modify them in order to immunize he patient against them. Another approach to creating anticancer vaccines is to generate a local immunity in the patients body. The principle refers to the in situ immunization of the cancer, using procedures similar to those used for the herpes simplex virus. This procedure increases the immune response against the tumor, which releases lytic substances that are meant to destroy the cancerous cells. Probably the worse impediment in the case of anticancer vaccine is the fact that every single vaccine needs a personalized modification, as every single cancer is different depending on the person. In conclusion, the anticancer vaccine is still a high-end medical discovery that needs a lot of work to be done to before being able to be used on people. Buy custom Anticancer Vaccines – a Medical Marvel Yet in Progress essay

Strategic Development and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Strategic Development and Management - Essay Example According to the paper findings strategy is that function of an organisation where decisions and plans are made, which reflect the long-term objectives of the organisation, and is independent from decisions made on a daily level. Other definitions include, â€Å"the pursuit of superior performance by using a plan that ensures a better or stronger matching of corporate strengths to customer needs than is provided by competitors†. It can be argued that the above definitions may be interdependent because attaining competitive advantage may sometimes be seen as a long-term objective by organisations, depending upon the market environment they operate in. As the essay stresses the definitions also show that there are internal and external implications to strategy, where the internal factors may include the structure of the organisation, the kind of corporate governance (leadership) that exists within the organisation, and the function of Human Resources Management. The external factors may include the Political, Economic, Sociological, Technological, Environmental, and Legal issues associated within a given market environment where the organisation operates. There are other methods of internal and external analyses that influence strategy like the SWOT analysis and Porter’s five forces, which are all helpful for the organisation to make strategic decisions in order to attain competitive advantage. These methods will be discussed in detail in later stages of the study.... To delve further into the study it is important to establish the definition for the terms ‘strategic management’. David (2009) defines strategic management as the â€Å"art and science of formulating, implementing, and evaluating cross-functional decisions that enable an organisation to achieve its objectives† (p. 36). As the definition suggests, there are different functions within an organisation like management, marketing, finance/accounting, production/operations, research and development, and computer information systems (David, 2009; Johnson et al, 2008), but not necessarily restricted to these, and the job of strategic management is to integrate all these functions towards the common goal of achieving organisational success. Stages of Strategic Management: The strategy formulation stage normally involves assessing the organisation’s resources and determining what market(s) to enter and which ones to abandon. This is also the stage where visions and m issions of the company are developed and long-term objectives are established. Top managers take up the responsibilities to assess the advantages of expansion or reduction, and/or entering international markets, resource allocation, product diversification, mergers/ takeovers etc. This is also where companies assess the opportunities and threats in particular markets and internal strengths and weaknesses in order to create contingent strategies (SWOT). Analysis is also done on what markets to invest in and what political, economical, socio-cultural, technological, environmental and legal (PESTEL) issues may arise in said market. Decisions made during this stage commit an organisation to specific products, resources, markets and technologies for

Different between large city and small city Research Paper

Different between large city and small city - Research Paper Example Apparent differences between New York City and Terre Haute are mainly due to the people that inhibit those cities. Being a large and popular city New York City is home to many famous Hollywood celebrities and is in full swing from morning to midnight. New York City has a plethora of malls situated in its streets including Trump Tower, Kings Plaza Shopping Center and Marina, Manhattan Mall, and Queens Center just to name a few. Terre Haute may lack in activities however it also has numerous malls including Honey Creek Mall, Nancy’s Downtown Mall, and Shadylane Antique Mall while some are located far off. Also, transportation system and the way of getting to places are different in the two cities. For instance, having a large population traffic jams are quite common in New York City due to congestion. According to Aaron Couch, New York City dwellers experience at least 42 hours of delay per year (n.pag.). As a result people prefer travelling by public transport: bus, subway, tax i, etc. Terre Haute, on the other hand, has a relatively less occurrence of severe traffic jams as compared to New York City. Overall, there are so many activities a person could do and there are numerous places to go to in New York City while Terre Haute has a limited number of activities for recreation and entertainment. However, Terre Haute beats NYC to traffic congestions. One of the major advantages for a person living in Terre Haute is the cost of living there. It is significantly lower than the one for New York City. Apartment rents are way cheaper in Terre Haute. In New York City the monthly apartment rent for a one bedroom apartment ranges from $2370 to $3100 (Numbeo, n.pag.) as compared to $425 to $500 for a one bedroom apartment in Terre Haute. Also, the costs incurred due to restaurant, market, transportation, monthly utility bills, sports, leisure, clothing, and rent amounts to a huge chunk of the salary of a New Yorker. All these expenses are significantly low for a pe rson living in Terre Haute. If asked about people’s preferences then a person would prefer to live in New York City despite its high cost of living. The apparent reason is that Terre Haute is a small city and hence has lesser job opportunities and subsequently a lower pay rate. With the perks and benefits and the standards of living one would enjoy in New York City, these are almost absent in Terre Haute. Therefore, despite the low cost of living more people prefer to live in New York City. High crime rates have often been associated with New York City. The reason is quite straightforward. Being a large and populous city there are more opportunities of crimes including robbery, homicide, rape, motor vehicle theft, assaults, and so on. Also, since the city houses richer people demographically the crime rate is higher than any smaller city like Terre Haute. In fact, Terre Haute has a significantly low crime rate even though a prison is there for wrong doers. However, to not men tion the decreasing crime rate in New York City would be unfair. There has been a decline in the crime rate from 1999 to 2011 from 459.9 to 254.5 (City Data, n.pag.). Many consider this decline a mystery while others have put forward many reasons for this decline in the crime rate including the change in policies, growth in the number of police force, and so on. Even with this plummeting crime rate, Terre Haute still has a very low crime rate as compared to New York City

Project Report communication barrier at 2 sister foods group Essay

Project Report communication barrier at 2 sister foods group scunthorpe - Essay Example Employee performance declines sharply and employers lose the employee confidence because of communication barriers. Inadequate verbal and non verbal communication results in bitterness and a significant gap between the employees and employers. Communication barriers must be identified in order for effective communication to happen. In the food industry, business processes heavily relies on communication. Understanding communication barriers leads to enhancing communication. This paper aims at investigating the communication barriers at 2 sisters Food group and identifying how communication can be improved in a multicultural organization. The research also aims at pointing out the impacts of communication barriers to the productivity of the business and general operations. Communication barriers affect the relationship between employers and employees. The food industry sector employs a significant number of people. The success of the industry depends of communication effectiveness. In this context, communication is viewed as meaningful interaction among the people in an organization. This interaction results in the meaning being perceived and understood by the parties. This process can be interrupted by a variety of barriers resulting to business failures. Improved communication depends on the elimination of the communication barriers. The literature review is dedicated to having a deeper and better understanding of various theories and models that guide the phenomenon of communication. It could therefore be said that the literature review is being undertaken as a form of conceptual framework on communication to have a better understanding of existing models of communication and selecting the most appropriate model that can be instituted at 2 Sisters Foods Group Scunthorpe. After a thorough analysis of various models of communication, the constructionist model is

Diverse Culture- Guleri and Veronica Essay Example for Free

Diverse Culture- Guleri and Veronica Essay Compare and contrast the female characters Veronica in Veronica and Guleri in A Stench of Kerosene. In this essay both female characters in Veronica and A Stench of Kerosene will be examined for similarities and differences in their culture and traditions. When you read these two stories the three things that stand out is their culture, tradition and the theme of love. The story teaches us that sometimes tradition gets in the way of life. It can sometimes control your life or sometimes not. In both the stories, the women hold on tightly to their traditions. The authors are not just talking about their family traditions but the global tradition of fertility and obedience. The main characters in these stories are Veronica and Guleri. This essay portrays about the roles of women. Although there are a lot of similarities between them on the surface but there are more concealed. In both the stories, the main belief in the female characters is their culture. Throughout the stories it shows us how important their culture is to them and how their society forces them to do certain actions that occasionally leads to a persons death as seen in A Stench of Kerosene. Veronica and Guleri both live in male dominated countries, which make females seen by everyone as inferior. The story of Veronica is told in first person by Okeke who is Veronicas childhood friend and the I in the story. The story of A Stench of Kerosene is told in third person by an omniscient narrator. The author of Veronica is Adewale Maja-Pearce and he was brought up in Nigeria, the same place as Veronica was. Maja- Pearce later returned to London, as this was his place of birth so that he could supplement his education. In Veronica, the person narrating the story, Okeke can be compared to Adewale Maja- Pearce as he grew up in the same surroundings as him and also the same education and they lead similar lives. The author of A Stench of Kerosene is Amrita Pritam and she was brought up in India which later became Pakistan, then she moved to New Delhi so that she could begin writing in Hindi. She had very unhappy experiences of marriage and divorce, this links with Guleri in A Stench of Kerosene as Guleri can not have any children and her husband marries again agreeing to his mother so that he can have children and this makes Guleri depressed and broken hearted which then leads to her gruesome death as her mother-in-law controls everything that goes on with Manak and Guleri. Manaks mother is an important force, though scarcely comes in as character. Veronica and Guleri both grew up in fairly rural areas of the country where they were reasonably poverty and war. But the only dissimilarity in their surroundings is that Veronica is in the country with troubled political history. The country has been torn apart by divisions between tribes and political groups, suffering massacres and civil war. As a result, financial development within the country has been limited and the rural areas have been badly affected by poverty. The characters in these stories have much resemblance in their personalities in the way they lead their lives even though both stories are set in very different countries. The author use comparable and diverse techniques to present and show their characteristics. Veronica is a very unfortunate woman who grew up in her native village. She lived with her susceptible mother, abusive and alcoholic father and other young siblings who have not been mentioned much throughout the story. On the other hand, Guleri lived in the village in India with her husband Manak and her mother-in-law. She had no children but was content with her life. Manak and Guleri had a much fulfilled marriage until her mother- in-law interfered by forcing her son to marry another woman so that she accomplishes her vision of being a grandmother and ruining Manak and Guleris life. The central theme of the story is the conflict between a mans love for his wife and the obligation to have children. The major cultural issue concerns a man taking a second wife in order to do this. The author tells us that this practice of burning oneself for escapism is not unusual in certain parts of India but was very prominent. Guleri lives with her husband and her moth-in-law. It was pointed out that Manak was satisfied with his fate and didnt want to marry again as most people around the country would have. Veronica cooked and served for her family. She married at a young age to a soldier and lived happily. Later on, she gave birth to a son. She is a very strong-willed person and is very content with her life. The physical appearances of both the female characters are not quite similar. Okeke describes Veronica, as no great beauty she still had a certain attractiveness that I knew would appeal to men. This is a very uncertain view as no one can be good looking and unattractive at the same time, they contradict with each other. Veronica being described as shabby may have been because of her surroundings and her lifestyle that has influenced her to be that way. Guleris physical features are barely described throughout the story. But when it reads they had bartered their hearts to each other an assumption that can be made from this is that Guleri must have been a very attractive woman as no one falls in love at first sight if the woman is unappealing. Also, as Guleri has never given birth before, she must have had a slim figure. Veronica is very comfortable with her life accepts the fact that shes married to a soldier rather than being in the city with Okeke. She lives in the same hut as she used to when she grew up and she had never changed. She is like a slave first to her father and then to her marriage to her husband. She is pleased with what she does and doesnt complain about it much but if she had the opportunity to raise her voice she would have probably had a say in what she desires to accomplish in life. They are my family and this is enough, this is a line of Veronicas low expectations. She feels her family is everything she needs and nothing else would have the same satisfactory. Guleri on the other hand is very childishly stubborn and always wants everything her way. She is portrayed similar to a little girl. Guleri is a happy go lucky person and loves her life. Manak and Guleri are expressed as a happy couple and care about each other. In Veronica culture is a main portion of her life. Her life was about tradition. When she refuses to go to the city with Okeke and says that it will be harder for her as she is a woman and she isnt educated enough. God blessed us with a son. Is that not enough? this explains that Veronica is always the same after a long period of time that the two have been apart. She is still surviving in the squalor of a village of which Okeke had once lived. The low expectations of Veronica have for herself, compared to the high expectations Okeke has for himself throughout for story, shows us that this is a male dominated country. The social expectations demonstrate this too. Veronica is very stubborn and it shines through the story. Veronicas life was all about the tradition. Guleris dignity is the main view of her life. Her life was all about Manak and her parents village. She always liked being the centre of attention. After Manak got married again, Guleri couldnt believe the situation she was in the middle of. She did not have to express her distress and jealousy in words. The look on her face was enough. But her husband Manak did not do anything about the circumstances. Her husband pulled out his hookah and closed his eyes. Hookah is a tobacco pipe with a long, flexible tube by which the smoke is drawn through a jar of water and thus cooled. He seemed as if he either did not like the tobacco or that he could not bear to face his wife. In this short story, Guleris character shines winning the sympathy of the readers. Guleri, a cheerful girl coming from a well-to-do family and her marriage to Manak, her failure to give Manaks family a son, creates a terrific situation for her tragic end and the readers immediate sympathy is with the heroine of the story, Guleri. She was the pleasant young girl who ended her life with an extremely disastrous manner. Indian culture is such that a married woman should bring a son to the family. If a woman fails to fulfill this role, she is not successful, in marriage and therefore rejected. Thus Manaks mother escapes a reasonable percentage of getting accused for bringing a second wife for her son, Manak. Not that she hated Guleri, but Indian culture had influenced her to extremes of believing in the gift of a son to the family. On the other hand, Guleris family was rich and wanted a man from a good family, for their daughter. But Guleris father was prosperous and lived in cities. He had sworn that he would not take money for his daughter, but would give her to a worthy man from a good family. Guleri failing to give Manaks family a son and having to wait seven years and even the sad end to her life could have been sad even from the early days of her marriage. In India, the mother is supposed to be the representation of Indian culture. A mother enjoys an important place, if she is able to fulfill a mothers part meeting with the expectations of motherhood; these being the customs and traditions of Indian culture. Manak playing his flute as they walked or were at the fair, made Guleri feel that the music brought her joy, taking her closer to Manaks heart. Thus the flute standing as a symbol of joy in their lives. He looked at her sadly. Then putting the flute to his lips blew a strange and anguished wail. Striking the signal of the tragedy and anticipating the tragic end. Bhavani announcing the sad end of Guleri, when she heard of your second marriage she soaked her clothes in kerosene and set fire to them. Manak getting mute with pain. He stared a long time uncomprehending, his face as usual expressionless. Therefore the death of Guleri could be called cultural violence in Indian society, though not recognized as violence; in reality it is a violent act leading to death of a person. In the short story, A Stench of Kerosene the writer, point out in simple diction the theme of the theme of violence present in the culture of Indian society. Amrita Pritam gives a clear picture of the episodes with the appropriate choice of a family setting and the intended aim and view of marriage in typical Indian society. The family setting of the extended family, this can be compared to Veronica as her father beats her and was bullied by her father while she was growing up. In Veronica, Okeke felt responsibility for his death, as so feels an extreme guilt as he did not come back to her from the cities more often and persuade her more to go with him and if he had done this enough, she would have agreed at some point to go to the city. Manak with this haunting event trapped in his mind leaving every joyful moment with his new wife feeling guilty instead of happiness after the tragedy of his former wife and the manner and circumstances he had married her. Amrita Pritam shows us how this guilt has not only affected his life but his mind and senses at the same time as it reads in the last line of the story when he holds the new born baby of his second wife when it is given to him, he says; Take him away! He stinks of kerosene! this portrays that the baby symbolizes the death of his former wife and the baby being brought to this world has made his former wife leave it. In both the stories we should pity Veronica and Guleri, as they were just victims of death. Veronica physically dies against her own rule and Guleri mentally felt that she could not live no more. Therefore, the main two women, in both the stories suffered the main tragedies. The reader may also have felt pity that Veronica was unable to prevent being born into a sexist and poor culture, which caused her to live her life with the tragic ending. Manak was also a victim, not of death but of guilt as he was taunted by the events of his wife and the evidence at the end of the story proves this as he thinks his child smells of kerosene, which is the liquid that caused his previous wife to burn to death. This proves that his future with his new wife will be very hard to cope with.

Physics of Skiing :: physics sport sports ski skiing

Skiing is an old sport; the oldest artifacts date back over 4000 years. It was developed in the Scandinavian region, especially Norway, and didn't spread to the rest of Europe until the sixteenth or seventeenth century. It probably came over with Norwegian and German immigrants during the nineteenth century. Skiing relies on many different forms physics. Newton's Laws of Motion, the transformation of potential energy into kinetic energy, air resistance, circular motion, even conservation of circular momentum is used as skiers pump upwards during a turn. Friction is by far the least understood of these forces. The surface of snow is a strange interaction between water, ice and water vapor, the three forms of water found on Earth. Snow changes properties and is difficult to measure and study in its natural environment. Snow changes properties and is difficult to measure and study in its natural environment. Ice Crystals form when water vapor condenses around and freezes upon a foreign particle such as dust or sea salt. These Ice crystals then form various varieties of snow flakes. Snowflakes can fall in many forms, including ferns, crystals and needles. These snow flakes begin transforming as soon as they hit the ground. They begin to morph in a combination of melting, freezing, evaporation and sublimation*. They become needles, columns, and finally simple round pellets. * Sublimation is when ice evaporates directly instead of melting first to water and then evaporating. These pellets the bond again through a process of melting, freezing, evaporation and sublimation at their contact points, this creates a strong snow pack. Snow Compaction and Work One thing that slows a skier down is the compaction of the snow beneath a skier. Snow is mostly air and this allows a great degree of compaction. On packed trails, this compaction is negligible and contributes only slightly to the friction of the snow on the skis. This diagram shows a skier who travels l distance on unpacked snow and sinks in h into the snow. Logically, the distance the skier sinks in, h, is proportional to the skiers weight, FN. Work is defined as a force applied over a distance. The work needed to propel the skier l distance through the snow is the same as the work done be the skiers weight along the height, h. the force used to move the skier is defined as FFORWARD then FN*h= FFORWARD*l With different types of snow, a skier with the same weight will sink in different distances.